1800 Century English Literature Essay

IntroductionPoems have been used for centuries to communicate, hide, pre gainiciate and transform meaning that in rule parlance would lose its significance. The significance of poems is as vital as the human race as is echoed by the words of John Keating who said, We dont canvass and write poems because it is cute. We read and write poems because we are members of the human race. And the human race is filled with passion Therefore, poems can tell a story, vividly describe an blockade or situation, express the feelings of animate and in-animate things beyond what the normal sentence structure ever will (Kurkland). The use of language as a vehicle or tool of delivery is paramount through out histories of all cultures. Linguistic importance is noted in many poems written before the 1800 because they capture historic moments and great deeds of men which normal language would not do much justice. mill and Lander is a fragmentary poem by Christopher Marlowe who lived in the 1550s , a retelling a love story of two people, first written by a Greek poet Masseus Grammaticus but retold by Marlowe in a unique animal(a) and erotic way that captured the hearts of many of his contemporaries and was considered a master piece. The betrothal of Maldon is a poem named after a famous battle fought towards the end of 10th century between the English and the Vi abilitys. The poem describes the events of the battle and the gruesome experience endured by the bear oners, the act of courage(folly)by the main character in the poem fairy Brithnoth, who was the English leading his army against the Viking invasion.The two poems underscore the importance of linguistic devices and reveal the major concerns of the period in terms of human development. They are a passionate account of their subject and strive to deliver a vivid and moving account of the times using style and symbolism to carry their emotionally laden subjects.Comparison and Contrast In participation of Maldon, the ope ning stanza begins at a high note.Then he ordered each of his warriors his horse to at large(p)Far off to send it and forth to go,To be mindful of his hands and of his high heartBattle of MaldonThe king is urging his soldiers on for a combat. He does not give them time to think of going back or of retreat. He also encourages them to be brave.In Hero and Lander, the beginning is as spectacular as the one on Battle of Maldon. On Hellespont, guilty of true-loves blood,In view and opposite two cities stood,Sea-borderers, disjoined by Neptunes baron..The fact that there is guilt is already a foreshadow of revelations of sins ahead. The heart , which is alluded to in these first few lines (by true love and blood) is also mentioned in Battle of Maldon , to bring out the urgency and tense condition the subjects in the poems are experiencing.The key similarities and differences between the two cultural periods represented by these narrativesWhile Hero and Lander was written during the peri od of romanticism in Europe when most of the scholarly work was based on the liberal arts, intellectual development based on theology religion and the arts took centre stage. It was the period of Shakespeare and human beings were more concerned with topics such as love, justice, war, among others. The battle of Maldon was however written when human beings existed to serve the wish of their kings, battles were fought as often as duels and everything was done with the aim of battling an enemy and protecting boundaries.The battle of Maldon elevates moral triumph over physical victory. Though the king is defeated, his action of letting the Vikings into his territory,Then did the earl, in his overweening heartLend land too much to that loathed people.Then gan he call out crosswise the cold waterBrighthelms son, and all the band listened.Now room is meted you, come swiftly to us. (The battle of Maldon)This is an act chivalry because he chooses not to fight a battle with an enemy who is g reatly disadvantaged. In doing this, he was able to make a level-battling field for his opponents who later butchered him mercilessly. However, king Brithnoth dies, his act of bravado lives in the poem to this day. His country men who also stand by his body to fight until death also display the solidarity, patriotism and loyalty demanded of any subject. The others who fled lay out an influence of insincere and coward-like men who decided to flee their own brothers while they are being butchered.Though some of the texts in the beginning and the end of the pilot film manuscript were burnt in a fire, the background to the poem completely captures the heroic act of Brithnoth who decides to fight to death instead of the option of paying off the Vikings.Both poems seem to be concerned with a central object in the human body, the heart. They try to explain how the heart is an important component on moving men to act in either cowardice, bravery or foolishness.In contrast, the two poems a lso address different topic altogether. While the battle of Maldon addresses courage, morality and loyalty (virtues), Hero and Lander focuses on the passion and intensity of love and its effect on human beings. While the former is haggard toward principles and virtues (objective), the latter is drawn toward human suffering and happiness.However, both poems advocate for dying for a cause. In the battle of Maldon, the cause is honor while in Hero and Lander, its loveReferencesDaniel J Kurkland 2000. www.Critical reading.comhttp//www.criticalreading.com/poetry.htmThe Battle of Maldon translated by Barridge Wilfridge. 1997-2009http//www.battleofmaldon.org.uk/index.htmHero and Leander, Christopher Marlowe Introduction. Poetry Criticism, Ed. Lawrence J. Trudeau. Vol. 57 Gale Cengage, 2004. eNotes.com. 2006. 11 Dec 2009 Hero and Leander, by Christopher Marlowehttp//www.classic-literature.co.uk/british-authors/16th-century/christopher-marlowe/hero-and-leander/

Evaluation of a groups work Essay

I will be evaluating two groups still images, on the subject of fame. The first group I have chosen is Matt, Sally, Elena and Naomis group. I liked there still images as I thought they employ a legal range of levels and had good spatial awareness. For their first still image they had a celebrity in the centre, two people trying to flip over and get autographs, and an early(a) psyche on the floor on her knees, taking pictures of the celebrity. I think this was a good image as it showed the aft(prenominal) fame pictures. I liked the fact that Elena playing the celebrity, was in the centre and was the one standing up right, as two people were leant over, trying to get autographs, and the other person was on the floor taking a picture.This showed levels and status, it showed that she was the centre of attention, and the person getting all the attention, whilst the others were at a lower status and have a much lower status in society. We can tell this as they are at lower levels than the person in the middle. The second image displayed good spatial awareness, as each individual thing that was represented had its own space, and it was very clear and easy to see what the meaning of it was.It represented a modus vivendi of sex, drugs and fame. In one corner there was two people hugging, in the centre there was a person laying on the floor, and to the other typeface and slightly to the back was a person reading a untestedspaper story, of the things deprivation on around her. I think the people were positioned carefully and the levels were excessively varied. However I think this still image could have been improved slighty, by bringing the person reading the story forwards, so that what she is reading is going on behind her. This would make it clearer that she is reading these things about sex and drugs.The second group I have chosen is Lucy, Laura, Beth and Bens group. I liked their still images, as they were both a negative one and a positive one. Their first still image their was one person in the middle, surrounded by paparazzi. This as well as shows status, as all the paparazzi were bent over at different levels trying to get a picture, it shows that the person in the middle has the most attention, and has the highest status. However the person doesnt want to be photographed, and is trying to turn away from the cameras.This is an after fame still image, and in my opinion shows that the celebrity, is perchance not ready for fame and is very new in this society. The second still image shows a pro fame image. There is 4 girls in a row striking a pose, it seems like this is a photo from just before they become famous. These two images show contrast, as the first image shows someone who is in the lime light but maybe is not to keen to be, and the second image is the complete opposite with a girl band posing for the camera lapping up all the spotlight and absorbing their first few seconds of fame, thinking that they are going to get all the fame and glory.

Are Video Games Good for Kids? Essay

Are motion picture ventures bad for kids? Back in time in mid 90s the best reference work of entertainment for kids was the television that pay off a great variety of cartoons for the kids to prolong untroubled entertainment and catch out good things. But now they render tv games that right now are the top marketing industry in the world according to Barbara Ortutay of MSNBC online the selling of video games on July of this year went to $1. 19 one thousand thousand with a 17 percent more than last year.But the only concern for the society is that kids are getting to much access to uncultivated games and that makes the video games bad for them. As verbalise by David Walsh, Ph. D. matter Institute on Media and the Family he said in this report that Children are more likely to copy the actions of a character with whom they identify. In violent video games the player is often required to take the intimate of view of the shooter or perpetrator. Video games by their very na ture require active liaison rather than passive observation. Repetition change magnitudes learning.Video games involve a great deal of repetition. If the games are violent, indeed the effect is a behavioral rehearsal for violent activity. He also said that Exposure to violent games increases physiological arousal, increases aggressive thoughts, increases aggressive emotions and increases aggressive actions. Video games should not be at the reach of each kid because more solely little they all involve violence like for example Mario games that all of them involve killing enemies for success, or crash bandicoot that have the same type of game experience as Mario.Naturally there are al agencys people that do not think the same way like rudiment rude(a)s. com that make a report of social critic Steven Johnson, author of the controversial new book, Everything Bad Is Good for You. he argues that video games violent or not are making children smarter. You have to manage multipl e objectives at the same time, he said. You have to manage all these different resources, and you have to make decisions every second of the game. Video games typically require the player to complete a build of specific tasks to win.Well we have to get the Jeep, we have to ride up a hill, kill the snipers, hinge on past the mountainside, go into another giant palace and activate the remote, said one 10-year-old interviewed by ABC News while playing the Halo 2 video game, designed for the Microsoft Xbox gaming system. But children should not be exposed to that type of learning because they are going to be more aggressive and less positive people toward life according to David Walsh. ABC also site from Johnson that Children who play such video games exhibit what experts call fluid intelligence, or problem solve. They have to discover the rules of the game and how to think strategically, said James Paul Gee, a University of Wisconsin-Madison curriculum and instruction professor. Li ke any problem solving that is good for your head, it makes you smarter. Intelligence test scores in the United States are rising faster than ever, experts say. One come-at-able reason Studies show video games make people more perceptive, training their brains to analyze things faster. But the rectitude based on studies is that Studies measuring cognitive responses to playing violent video games have shown that violent games increase aggressive thoughts. These findings have been found for males and females, children and adults, and in experimental and correlational studies. Said David Walsh on his report. In mop up violent video games should be restricted for kids in all the way possible because they will sprout more aggressive actions, less caring and aggressive emotions in comparison with regular games that also have that responses and that also should be avoided for the raising of a kid.People can say that the help to problem solving and to fast response to other thing but the truth is that the make more damage than a helping.Works Cited Walsh, David. Video Game Violence and Public Policy culturalpolicy. edu. 2001. September 30, 2008. http//culturalpolicy. uchicago. edu/conf2001/papers/walsh. html. Ortutay, Barbara. July video game sales jump 28 percent MSNBC. com. August 14, 2008. September 30, 2008. http//www. msnbc. msn. com/id/26208654/ Argumentative essay Angel Bello 802-08-0724 October 1,2008.

Kabuki Theatre: Japan’s National Treasure

Aliya Crochetiere Mrs. Crass Theater register April 11, 2011 Kabuki Theatre Japans National Treasure Kabuki Theater has captured the hearts and minds of the Japanese earreach from its beginnings everywhere four centuries ago to the present day. In Kabuki wild spectacles of song and dance transpire, different from anything familiar to the Western observer. Its color, drama, and richness of costumes and characters contrast wildly with the simplicity and functionality of which the Japanese hatful live their lives.Kabuki Theater seen today has been shaped by historical tensions about women, ghostly influences in Japanese confederation, and is considered to be the the great unwasheds theater filled with unique styles and ideas. In order to understand this wild spectacle and its unique techniques of staging and characters, mavin must look behind the make-up and understand the dramas widespread roots deeply intertwined in Japans popular culture. The word kabuki, as shown in the hist ory of name, is a causa of playing based on the arts of singing and dancing (Miyake 11).However, mixed in this display is a variety of hidden aspects such as make-up, costumes, and special effects that make a Kabuki performance irrelevant any other. Kabuki is a very complicated, highly refined art involving stylized movement to the sounds of instruments such as the Tsuke that takes many years to master (National Theater of Japan). Unlike Noh Theater it does not use masks, but incorporates a vast variety of styles and effects, from the realistic to the grandiosely extravagant through cosmetics (Leiter 18-22). The colors used have symbolic meanings.For example, blue usu whollyy indicates evil and red is used to express strength or virtue. Wigs are employ to inform the audience about the characters age, occupation, and social status and are worn by all characters in Kabuki (The British Museum). In the theater, each character has a defining moment, called a Mie. The Mie displays th e characters personality. The actor assumes a office significant to his character and experiences his climatic moment (Binnie and Wanczura). It usually involves a movement of the head, a crossing of look in a powerful glare, and shaking.In this artistic spectacle there are two main styles of acting involved, Aragoto and Wagoto. Aragoto, the rough style, contains heroes who are physically strong, impulsive, fierce, and martial (Brandon). This is reflected in the actors dramatic, stylized make-up and costumes, and in their exaggerated poses. In contrary, Wagoto features softer, young playboys in oft friendly stories. The main manner of Wagoto acting is tender, romantic, or humorous (Encyclop? dia Britannica). Although the styles differ, Kabuki leave always be a form of theater that requires a mastery of technique, especially when playing a woman.Unlike Western Theater, Kabuki in the present day features no females on the layer. One feature that sets Kabuki unconnected from othe r theater is the Onnagata, a male actor who plays the pcts of women. Kabuki was founded in 1603 by Izumo no Okuni, a Japanese princess, with her troop consisting of mostly females (Spencer). The women entertainers, many of whom were prostitutes, performed exotic dances and risque skits causing an instant sensation in Japan with the common people (The British Museum).The idea of women exploiting themselves while creating public messages was preposterous and as its popularity grew, the presidency was quick to take control of the situation (Lombard, Allen, and Unwin). The prostitution within the theater was believed to be corrupting society and from the 1620s onward, the government attempted to bring them under control. In 1692, women performers were banned from the stage. It soon became necessary for males to take the startle of the females and the art of the Onnagata was formed. The Onnagata does not aim to imitate the behavior of a real woman.Rather, he becomes an artificial and idealized symbol of female characteristics as seen from a mans interpretation (Binnie and Wanczura). Those who have mastered the art of the Onnagata have the exponent to transform a potentially grotesque situation into an e motionally moving truth. The Onnagata does not rely on facial beauty but the talent and skill to make a room full of people believe the authenticity of a teenage girl played by a 70 year-old man. Today, as a result of issues of women corrupting society and the upper class, females have yet to re-appear on the stage.However, because Kabuki is directed at the common people of Japan, it is believed that women will once again grace the stages of Kabuki (Matsuda). Though Kabuki today is universally more accepted as a National Theater of Japan, it originated from the middle class, the common people of Japan, as a way to express their suppressed feelings under restrictive social conditions (Lombard, Allen, and Unwin). At the time when Kabuki was developed, distinctio n surrounded by the commoners and the upper class was more rigid than ever before, so Kabuki acted as a safe centre of protest against dramatic and social conventions.Multiple times it was banned from the inner cities because it threatened with dangerous ruling and popular freedom (Lombard, Allen, and Unwin). Kabuki was charged with undermining the morals of the warrior class, yet the government was unable to outlaw the theater completely. It had make its way into the social lives of the Japanese people as it developed eclectically from other art forms. As the peoples theater, Kabuki has a very unique relationship between the actors and the audience. The most celebrated feature of the Kabuki stage is the hanamichi, a long extension from the back of the audience to the stage (Scott 18).This symbolizes the close connections that the actors have with the viewers. A uninterrupted interplay of shouts from the audience and reactions from the actors take place in the Kabuki Theater. Th e show is often interrupted for an actor to address the crowd, which is responded to with acclamation and encouragement (Encyclop? dia Britannica). The audience hollers the name of their favorite actor, showing a much closer connection to the actors than the directors (Matsuda). For the prime(prenominal) time, the actor is in a position of control of his own actions and originality.Because Kabuki programs run from dusk till dawn, in the theater one can find restaurants, lunchboxes, and snack shops. The audience will eat, drink, and talk all during the performance, treating it much more like a social gathering than a trip to the theater (Miyake 25). Unlike western sandwich theater a trip to Kabuki is supposed to a social gathering. The audience enjoys the whole days event, not just the individual performances. This is in sharp contrast to Noh Theater, a much more safe and formal theater of Japan that incorporates slow, meditational movements under extremely rigid rules (Matsuda).T he Noh performance is in slow motion and is much more popular with the military class than the common people of Japan (Mitchell and Watanabe 1-5). Buddhism, Shintoism, and Confucianism have all had a weighty effect on Japanese philosophies of life. This in turn is reflected in Kabuki drama in an innumerable number of ways. Action in Kabuki plays usually revolves around Confucian notions of filial piety craft and obligation, and the Buddhisticic traditions such as the impermanence of things or the law of retributive justice (Scott 28).The religious part of the drama is denotative through actions and characters, such as the komuso, who wears a large basket-like head covering and plays a flute (Scott 28). The komuso, who appears in multiple plays, is a religious figure in Buddhism, a priest of the Buddhist sect seen preaching about the religion with his flute. During the Edo period when Kabuki was developed, Confucian philosophy defining the pecking order of social relations was r ecognized as official thought and caused an uprising of the common townspeople expressed in Kabuki Theater (Ernst 14).A favorite Kabuki technique is to have a dying man visit and regret all past misconducts and return to his innocent state by time of death (Scott 28). This extends to the Buddhist philosophy that man is fundamentally good and all sins committed during his lifetime are purged upon death. This as tumefy as many other examples shows strong Buddhist influences in Kabuki. Shintoism shines through the drama as well. As one of the most common religions in Japan, Shintoism was also the religion of Kabukis founder (Spencer). Many religious ideas and themes are apparent in both historical and domestic Kabuki plays.Kabuki Theater, flamboyant and spectacular, has evolved into one of Japans cultural treasures. The drama has developed from controversial ideas of women in society, the religious influences of Buddhism and Confucianism, and from the heart of Japan, the common peopl e, as a free way to express themselves. Although some may argue that Kabuki has lost some of its connection to the general public, Kabuki drama is an irreplaceable aspect of Japanese society that will continue to entertain audiences and influence modern drama and Japanese history for years to come.The flashy, colorful spectacle filled with music, movement, and emotion has the ability to take the audience on a journey to a new world. Works Cited Binnie, Paul, and Dieter Wanczura, eds. Kabuki Theater. Artelino. N. p. , 2009. Web. 11 Apr. 2011. http//www. artelino. com/? articles/? kabuki_theater. asp. Brandon, James R. myth and Reality A Story of Kabuki during American Censorship, 1945-1949. Asian Theatre Journal 23. 1 (2006) 1-110 . JSTOR. Web. 11 Apr. 2011.

Managing Information Technology Essay

Question 1 What would be your prioritized list of IT investments? Four IT investments need to be prioritized 1. 2. 3. 4. Ecommerce & Web gross revenue Aligning the heterogeneous systems (legacy, SAP, ERP) to get holdher. contract relationship managers Make IT a partner1. After only 3 years, KLs Web sales have reached $156M, equalizing its in store sales, and now represent 15% of total sales. This is very encouraging and exciting. KL need to continue to invest in Ecommerce & Web sales in come out to continue this great growth. marketing via the Internet should be a priority because its cheaper than your ordinary brick and mortar sales points, there is little overhead expense, and this market is growing exponentially. The familiarity should work towards gaining the most market share possible maturation an industry leading website, timely and dependable delivery, and customer service. Accomplishing the above means getting all the caller-out sharing education and entropy more efficiently (see point 2).2. KL has a complex IT infrastructure with various systems in use near the world. The result is a frustrated bunch of employees upset with the fact that parley data sharing is awful. To remedy this the high society necessitate to invest more in training to get the whole company, including the USA, to use SAP as soon as possible.3. Assign/hire relationship managers to rectify information sharing, facilitate plans, priorities, communications, and relationships, and in turn get the whole system to work together.4. To avoid such(prenominal) problems in the future, KL needs to make IT a partner in the decision making process. In opposite words, the company needs to part involve IT in company scheme and tactical planning. With the IT team, the company needs to develop and define an Enterprise Operating Model and Architecture that include business strategy, current IT assessment, IT strategy and IT plans.Question 2 Would your colleagues on the executive co mmittee agree with your selection and prioritization? The above priorities should be sanitary received because they solve or improve many of the frustrating employees around the company. This answer will olfactory modality at each division (upper management, sales & marketing, order fulfillment and distribution, and ITS) and see why the four IT priorities should be sanitary received by the executive committee. The KL upper management is on record stating that the company has IT challenges around coordinating the various, and at times conflicting, business priorities across the enterprise.We sure could use better IT tools for this as well as ready access to timely performance data., CEO Joseph Campbell. In addition, COO Jens McCreary stated that the company needs to improve global supply-chain management and leverage the expertise to outpace out competitors and cut our operating(a) costs Considering these quotes its safe to assume that the CEO and COO should be accepting of these four IT priorities because will want to see IT provide better services in order to reach their goals. The products, manufacturing and distribution divisions of the company want to see SAP standardized and compatible across the company in order to better share information.Priorities 2 and 3 should please this division. Sales & marketing hope to see inter-operating unit and communications and coordination issues to be resolved and they need real-time data. Priorities 1, 2 and 3 should encourage the sales and marketing team. The order fulfillment and distribution divisions need capabilities to forecast sales and manage our product and cash flows need to be more competitive.They want to be able to deliver in a J.I.T. basis (optimize effectiveness) and have data integration between the legacy systems, SAP, Oracle, etc. These issues should improve with priorities 2 and 3 and this making these priorities acceptable to this division. Finally, the information technology services (ITS) claim that not spending enough on IT (more spent on drudgery and sales), and Web and ecommerce should be priority. Priorities 1 to 4 all favor the ITS team, and therefore should be well received.

A History of Greek Festivals

In the Archaic Period cardinal major festivals were established which brought unneurotic Greeks from across the known creative activity to vie in gymnastic and later on musical rivals. The number 1 was the surpassing Games which has a traditional foundation day of the month of 776 BC. This was followed by three much in speedy sequence in the early 6Thursdaycentury BC. Together these festivals made up the periodos 1 which was extremely chief(prenominal) in furthering the dealingss surrounded by Greeks from contrary topographical evinces and surrounded by Greeks and non-Greeks. The competition betwixt those take p frauding and the urban center nations they were stand foring is an parable of how those Pan-hellenic dealingss were ariseing. Other countries are how the direction of for each one of the festivals and who really attended these Pan-Hellenic festivals.The honor and glorification gained by the masters in each of the four Games was so great that the solitar y stuff awards straight received from the organizers were Crowns of assorted workss sacred to the Gods that the festivals were dedicated to. 2 This led to the term periodonikes be created which was given to the jocks that had won competitions at all four Games and were considered to be the greatest jocks for this accomplishment. 3 This could propose that the competition between the jocks would be so ferocious that tensenesss would be created in dealingss between persons in add-on to the city states that they were stand foring. On the other manus it is deserving observing that Olympic masters were non above the edict in their place province as lowlife be shown in the narrative of Philippos of Croton who was exiled by and by he became betrothed to a adult female from Sybaris even though he had been winning at the Olympic Games. 4 The memorials that were built by the city states shows the committedness they had to guaranting the remainder of the Greek universe could receiv e their triumphs for many older ages to come. Not merely were the memorials dedicated to athletic triumphs alone the sanctuaries where the four Pan-Hellenic Games were held as well as contained memorials honoring military triumphs everyplace other city states. 5 This suggests the metropoliss were non interested in whether their oppositions were completeended and then strains in the dealingss between them due to the struggles the memorials were mentioning to would go on.Shortly after the creative activity of the four Panhellenic festivals in the early 6Thursdaycentury BC Athens began reorganizing their Panathenaia festival in order for it to include athletic tourneies in add-on to the musical and ecstatic competitions that had been held at that place. 6 Consequently the Panathenaic festival became more important indoors the athletic universe yet it was never regarded every bit extremely as the four Panhellenic festivals that made up the periodos which can be seen through the usage of expensive stuff awards 7 as opposed to the Crown prizes masters took off at the Olympic, Pythian, Isthmian and Nemean Games. This suggests the jocks would condition a focal point of winning the awards alternatively of the honor they received through their triumphs. Consequently, the city states they represented would hold had slight of an pursuit in whether they won if the glorification of triumph was less than that in periodos triumphs and in that locationfore dealingss between different city states would hold been more likely to be unchanged. The l angiotensin-converting enzyme city state to truly profit from the revitalise Panathenaic festival would hold been Athens as they had the chance to advance their metropolis to visitants from beyond Attica yet it has been suggested that the Panathenaia was neer supposed to be Panhellenic and was alternatively supposed to back Athenian national pride which is wherefore dealingss between Greeks remained unchanged. 8 The last race to be added to the programme of events at the Olympic Games in more or less 520 BC was the hoplitodromos which involved jocks running in full armor. This peculiar race in addition featured in the other Panhellenic Games which suggests the importance of such a race. Pausanias suggests the race could hold been designed to advance military preparation as contending wars was common in the Archaic Period and the menace of struggle with Iranian forces was increasing. 9 This military training could hold besides been a personal manner for the city states to expose their military art and hence derive farther glorification from a military facet in add-on to the athletic facet. However Philostratus suggests as it was the last race of the competition that it symbolised the return to a militant nature after the tranquilityful armistices that were established for the continuance of each of the Panhellenic festivals. 10 The armistices referred to above were designed to advance peace amongst the city states of Greece as it prohibited realm forcess to come in the countries around the sanctuaries where the festivals were held and ensured the safe transition of those go toing the festivals. 11 However as it may hold ensured peaceable dealingss for city states such as Elis it did non predict wars from taking topographic point outside of these parts. However holding a armistice in topographic point meant people from all over the Hellenic universe and beyond could garner in one topographic point and mystify up peaceable dealingss with others every bit good as stop them. As minister plenipotentiaries were sent out from the city states where the festivals were held in the months taking up to each of the Games to touch on the beginning of them this was a method of advancing the Games whilst at the same clip advertising the city-states themselves and net on the job(p) with the remainder of Greece as representatives from each metropolis would be chosen to ha ve the minister plenipotentiary. 12 Harmonizing to Pausanias Pisa originally had control over the metropolis of Olympia and hence would hold governed the Olympic Games. However their hostility towards the Eleians caused a war which maxim Elis conquer Pisa and claim the site of Olympia as theirs. 13 This combat over the Panhellenic sanctuaries suggests metropoliss would be prepared to pay a war if it resulted in them having the honor that must hold come with mother forthing the more or less esteemed Games in this period. The existent disposal of the Olympic Games by the city state of Elis was by and large considered to be without prejudice. 14 The Judgess were Eleian and chosen by Elis and as a backwash it did pull close to unfavorable judgment from foreigners such as Herodotus who describes the narrative of when citizens of Elis visit Egypt to inquire them their sentiment on whether the Games were existence administered reasonably to which they reply they are non because Eleians themselves could come in the competitions and therefore they would non be judged reasonably against people from different topographic points. 15 This suggests Herodotus is belittling the unity of those judging the competitions who had even named themselves as Hellanodikai which means judges of the Greeks . 16 It is possible that many other Greeks had this position and so it would hold the possible to make tensenesss within dealingss between those pull offing the festival and the foreigners who were take parting in it. However they may be both(prenominal) truth to these positions as Thomas Heine Nielsen states that Elis was the just about supremacyful province to vie in the Olympics with the bulk of triumphs in the boys competitions and the equestrian events although you would anticipate more entrants from Elis into these tourneies as they were closest to the Olympic sanctuary. 17 The recital of the locations of the four Panhellenic festivals was important in pulling Greeks from afar as the city states that were bring forthing these Games relied on the fabulous importance of the sites. In add-on to holding sanctuaries dedicated to a major God and world-renowned prophets in topographic points like Delphi these city states managed to utilize outstanding fabulous figures such as Heracles as a method of advancing their festivals. At Olympia Heracles was traditionally the laminitis of the Olympic Games and his undertaking of get the break off ofing the Nemean king of beasts was used for the Nemean Games. In Delphi it was ruling that there was a battle between him and Apollo over a tripod which surface in the early 6Thursdaycentury BC. 18 Furthermore, the Isthmian Games were held in honor of Poseidon and as a consequence the Equus caballus races were the most of import portion of the festival at that place. 19 This mixture of major Gods and heroes from mythology ensured the success of the Panhellenic festivals in add-on to developing the constr uct of Panhellenism as people from across the Grecian universe would hold identified with these myths which suggests dealingss between them would hold improved. Relationss besides had the possible to be fostered through the construction of the Pythian Games as forfeits and banquets were the lone events on the first two yearss of the five-day festival. This gave rivals and witnesss alike the opportunity to socialize and advance sentiments of harmoniousness and community. 20 An confederation of city states known as the Amphictyonic League were responsible for puting up the Pythian Games and the readyings for them every four old ages after they had been winning in the First Sacred War. 21 This is an illustration of Greeks from different topographic points working together and their desire to prolong the dealingss created by their engagement in the war. Producing a festival would hold besides promoted peace and community values which is shown by the Pythian armistice established duri ng each festival. A important diachronic figure associated with taking the reorganization of the Pythian Games after the First Sacred War was the tyrant Cleisthenes of Sicyon. McGregor besides believes that Cleisthenes of Sicyon was connect with the other Panhellenic festivals every bit good. The narrative of Cleisthenes and his daughters suers at Olympia maintains the thought that the Olympic Games were truly a universe phase for powerful leaders to acquire their voices heard. However Cleisthenes obviously favoured the suers from Eretria and its Alliess as they were Ionians and he was traditionally thought to be anti-Dorian. 22 This suggests divisions amongst those viing could be form as a consequence of heathenish differences and that dealingss could go labored between Greeks from different topographic points as a effect. Furthermore, there is a possibility that the Nemean Games were established by the less dominant city state of Cleonae in colligation with Argos in resista nce to Cleisthenes of Sicyon after Cleonae had secured their freedom from Sicyon. 23 If this is true so it is farther grounds of the Panhellenic Games creation used to do tenseness between city states.On the topic of who was really allowed to vie in the four Panhellenic Games it seemed to be originally sole to the nobility and the wealthy as the funerary games in honor of Patroclus in the Iliad show blue Greeks from many different topographic points compete in the chariot race which was the chief event. Chariot races were preponderantly for the wealthiest as Equus caballuss were expensive and hard to develop which meant they could expose their wealth whilst set uping dealingss with Greeks from different topographic points. 24 On the other manus this suggests that the poorest in society would non hold competed in the Panhellenic festivals such as the Isthmian Games where the equestrian events were considered to be the most esteemed and so if they did take part it would be in inf erior events where they could non derive as oft glorification. The suggestion that poorer persons would non vie in the major four Panhellenic festivals is evidenced by the point that they would non hold had the clip for athletic preparation 25 or to go to the four sanctuaries where each of the four Games were held if they lived a long distance off. Furthermore there were local festivals and games they could hold competed in which would hold been much more practical 26 but if this was the instance for most Greeks so at that place would hold been less of a fosterage of dealingss between people from different topographic points if they were merely interacting with others from the same community.However by the 6Thursdaycentury BC other events were added to the Panhellenic Games which meant the poorer in society could take part 27 as they were athleticss that were just throughout the whole of the Grecian universe. 28 This implies that the festivals became more Pan-hellenic as m ore people from different topographic points would be more likely to come in the competitions. Bury suggests that autocrats were the cause for this alteration as they wanted to defend the common people in order to win their support. 29 However if this ground is true so Panhellenism would merely be a side-effect of the autocrats desiring to derive more power and bind their reign. In add-on to this the autocrats could besides be a beginning of tenseness within dealingss between Greeks from different topographic points as is shown from the illustration of Cleisthenes of Sicyon trying to put up his ain Pythian Games in Sicyon after the autumn of authoritarianism in Corinth meant they had more influence in Delphi. 30 Relations between Corinth and Elis were besides strained in this period because of Olympias refusal to wipe out the names of the Cypselidae from some offerings which resulted in no Eleians being allowed to vie in the Isthmian Games and hence they were non able to deriv e the extremely esteemed periodonikes rubric that athletes longed for. This is an illustration of a city-state utilizing its authorization over one of the Panhellenic festivals to demo their resistance to another city state which would hold had a well negative consequence on dealingss. In contrast Pausanias suggests that it was the curses of Moline that kept the Eleians off from the Isthmian Games. 31 Officially all free Grecian males were permitted to vie in the Olympic Games but this meant females, non-Greeks and slaves were excluded from direct participation. 32 However the Judgess make up ones minding who could come in the competitions must hold been fairly flexible with the regulations as there is no record of person being refused entry on the evidences of their cultural individuality. 33 As a consequence of this many Grecian settlers from distant topographic points like Sicily and the spousal relationship shore of the Black Sea came to Olympia during the Olympic festiva l. 34 Attending the festivals such as the Olympic Games was a immense benefit to Greek settlements as it meant they could remain in close contact with the mainland and set up connexions with other metropoliss and settlements whilst maintaining a safe distance off from the metropolis it originated from in order to keep its independency. Olympia besides acted as a impersonal land for neighboring settlements who were at war with each other whilst supplying a beginning of military preparation when jocks competed in events such as the hoplitodromos so they could support themselves against non-Greeks and other settlements. Western Greeks were slightly influential in the running of the Olympic Games which can be seen by the add-on of two new events in the early 5Thursdaycentury BC that were popular throughout Grecian settlements in the West. 35 This suggests dealingss between the settlements in the West and the Grecian mainland were good.For the dealingss between Greeks and non-Greeks Panhellenic festivals caused divisions. One of the narratives from Herodotus shows how black lovages rivals tried to take him from the race by claiming that he was non genuinely Grecian. 36 Another states the solvent of a Iranian when he is told of the crown of olive that athletes compete for in the Olympic Games and he was called a coward by a Grecian male monarch for it. 37 This dissentious facet of the Panhellenic Games can besides be seen by the usage of nakedness when viing in the competitions as it was considered absurd for high-level males in cultural groups such as the Persians or Lydians to look bare when practising athletics. 38 These illustrations show the contrasts between the Greeks manner of thought compared to the remainder of the universe and how this was implemented at the Panhellenic festivals.Ultimately the four Panhellenic festivals that formed the periodos were designed in a manner that promoted Greek individuality and therefore dealingss between Greeks from different topographic points were frequently fostered through the shared faith and mythology of the sanctuaries where they were held every bit good as the shared athleticss that the competitions were comprised of. all the same the jocks were ferociously competitory as they were the most esteemed competitions in the Greek universe which suggests tensenesss would hold develop in dealingss between non merely the jocks themselves but besides the city states they were stand foring. Armistices were established during each of the four festivals but this did non forestall war from happening outside of the affected parts. Furthermore it was the blue and the wealthy who generally competed in the extremely esteemed events such as chariot racing which would hold received the most honour for winning but with autocrats presenting more events aimed at poorer persons there was the possibility that more dealingss were being fostered between Greeks from different degrees of society. Overall, the Panhellenic festivals did much to further dealingss between Greeks from different topographic points even if it was non the primary drive sometimes. On the other manus festivals such as the Olympic Games showed a clear divide between the Greeks and the remainder of the universe and consequently dealingss between them would hold been less developed.

Marketing Strategy of Samsung in India

Section B Submitted by Harsh Golan About Samsung The Samsung Group is a multinational forgather corporation headquartered in Samsung Town, Seoul, southernmost Korea. It is the worlds largest conglomerate by revenue. The Samsung Group is composed of numerous international affiliated businesses, most of them united under the Samsung shop including Samsung Electronics, the worlds largest electronics fellowship, Samsung Heavy Industries, the worlds second largest shipbuilder and Samsung C, a major global construction company.Samsung has been the worlds most usual consumer electronics fault since 2005 and is the best known southwestward Korean brand in the world. Samsung Group accounts for more than 20% of entropy Koreas total exports and is the leader in many domestic industries, such as the financial, chemical, retail and entertainment industries. Samsung India Electronics clandestine Limited (SIEL) is the Indian subsidiary of the US $55. 2 billion Samsung Electronics Corporat ion (SEC) headquartered in Seoul, Korea. Headquartered in vernal Delhi, SAMSUNG India has widespread network of gross sales offices on the whole over the expanse.SAMSUNG India is the hub for SAMSUNGs South West Asia Regional trading operations. The South West Asia Headquarters looks aft(prenominal) the SAMSUNG business in Nepal, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Maldives and Bhutan besides India. SAMSUNG India which commenced its operations in India in declination 1995 enjoys a sales turnover of over US$ 1Bn in just a decennary of operations in the country. From being a virtually unknown entity in the Year 1995, brand SAMSUNG today enjoys an sentience level of over 65% and a positive opinion of over 80% in the country today (source BAS 2007).Initially, a player merely in the Color Televisions department, it later diversified into color monitors (1999) and refrigerators (2003). Today, it is recognized as one of the fastest growing brands in the sphere of digital engineering. SIEL is the mart leader in high end digital television (Plasma, LCD). STP APPROACH OF SAMSUNG Segmentation Segmenting is the process of dividing the market place into segment based on customer characteristics & of necessity. Segmenting consists of 1. Geographic segmentationation it is nearly present in 14 countries but has hold a nearly same harm and quality tag worldwide. 2.Demographic segmentation it has motto of everyones invited so it produces goods for nearly every segment, from tech-savvy to gamers to middle class family. It has something in sort for you. Targeting Is the process of directioning on a particular market with a particular product . ?LOCAL MARKET ?TEIR 1 CITIES ?TEIR 2 CITIES NICHE MARKET. Samsung produces goods for both tier1 and tier 2 cities and its nearly all electronic goods argon available in both cities. The differences female genital organ be seen is the in tier1 cities it has exclusive Samsung salerooms while in tier2 and below cities it usually shares tab ulator with other competitors .Also goods interchangeable smart phones and android phones, expensive models of TVs like 3d and so onare prove in tier1 cities . in tier2 and below cities it becomes a mass producer of electronic items at well-founded cost. military position Samsung has positioned itself as Digital engine room leader. In 1990 group chairman, Kun-Hee Lee(Lee), initiated varyation from a low-end OEM into a inaugural electronics company and now Samsung came to be perceived as a company with exciting product portfolio. superlative degree prodigious denounce for the 2008 Beijing Olympics and Olympic Partner for the 2008 Olympic Torch Relay.Manavjit Singh Sandhu was its Olympic grade ambassador and launched the program Spread the Olympic Flame ? APPOINTS OLYMPIC GOLD MEDALIST ABHINAV BINDRA AS BRAND AMBASSADOR FOR ITS CONSUMER ELECTRONICS blood duct ? APPOINTS AAMIR KHAN AS ITS BRAND AMBASSADOR FOR MOBILE PHONES ? New, spunky, tagline undermentioned is What? It is being used in all of Samsung Mobiles communication material. Product Strategy Samsung Electronics India manufactures a wide range of consumer electronics and class appliances. These products include 1)Mobile phones with the accessories, )Television, Audio player, depiction player, 3)Camera, Camcorder, 4)Home appliances, 5)PC, Peripherals and Printers. In the prompt phone industry, Samsung has the second largest share in the market with 19. 6% as per November 2010 consensus. The energetic phone market share is shown in Annexure 1. In the Indian mobile market, Samsung is the second largest player after Nokia with product line extending to over fifty products. The product line includes some of the most preferred mobile phones like Samsung Guru series, Corby series and many more.Recently Samsung has launched its Samsung galaxy series in the Indian market. Samsung is similarly into manufacturing televisions, sound players, video players, blu-ray players, home theatres and mult imedia players. In India, Samsung is the first to bring the concept of LED engineering in televisions. Samsungs products, in this social class, are known for their innovativeness and technology . These products are the first preference of the consumers who seek technology at an affordable cost. Samsung also manufactures digital cameras and camcorders.This product sept includes world class products like Samsung NX series. Samsung digital cameras offer a diverse product line equipped with the most sought after features. Samsung cameras start out always been recognized for their fine technology and optical innovations in such things as auto point and optical zoom capabilities. These products, though, high on technology are an affordable option for those who have an border for their photography hobbies. In the home appliances segment, Samsung manufactures refrigerators, cook ovens, smart ovens, air conditioners and washing machines.All of these products define Samsungs competitive ness and vision in terms of product innovations like silver na nonechnology, twin cooling etc. At present, Samsung is the leading home appliances manufacturer and many of products are the best in their respective sub-segments. ad hominem computers, peripherals and printers are also the part of Samsungs innovative and high-end technology product line. These include laptop nonebooks, VDAs, melody speakers, Internal and external hard drives, optical disc drives and printers. Though, Samsung is not yet a leader in this segment but its inclination of high end technology shows into these products also.For Samsung, there is still scope for improve their products quality in the Indian market. The products sometimes develop technical flaws like display in the mobiles, gasolene kit leakages in frost-free refrigerators etc which are to be improved. Since, Samsung competes on the pedestal of the innovation and technology in the accredited market scenario this plays a very important role in their major sales not only in India but in the whole world as a whole. As far as the after product service of Samsung is concerned, it needs major improvement in terms of contacting with customers.Since service is intangible, it needs to be provided as quickly as possible. Reducing the retention time in providing value to the customers can add to big advantage for Samsung considering the current market conditions. Place strategy Samsung electronics employs antithetical place strategies for different products. When we talked to marketing representative he said the whole of Samsung electronics India has divided its distribution systems into mingled regions on basis of demand and number of dealers per region for example we visited what he called the vidharba region.Samsung uses supply concatenation to enhance differentiation, increase sales and penetrate new markets and channels. It efficient supply chain is transparent, so that all the players in the supply chain have the right information at the right time about the movement of the products within the chain. This centre lower inventories, elimination of waste, and reductions of costs. In addition to the intangible benefits like quick feedback from customers help in establish new products. Samsung has 24 state-level distribution offices and a direct dealer interface.The direct dealer interface helps the company to get quick feedback from dealers, and enables it to launch products according to consumer needs. Samsung also believes in JIT (Just-in-Time) concept to its dealers. To minimize time overruns, Samsung delivered its products at one time from its factories to its Regional Dispatch Centers (RDCs) and from there to dealers. SIEL is having tether types of distribution system 1)A one-level channel contains one grappleing intermediary, such as retailer. 2)A two-level channel contains two intermediaries.In consumer markets, these are a wholesaler and a retailer. 3)A three-level channel contains three intermediaries. Other strategies Shop-in-shop Samsung is ensuring a presence in most big malls and multiplexes even in the multi-brand outlets, as the focus there is to create a shop-in-shop atmosphere. In the shops where we conducted studies we found around 30-50% of counter share was of Samsung. Thus Samsung believes in jo dikhta he vo bikta he. The exclusive showroomsSamsung India has set up a widespread network of over 80 exclusive showrooms comprising Samsung Digital home (focusing on high-end digital audio-video products such as MP3 players, camcorders and LCD/plasma/3D TVs). The Samsung Digital home goes beyond the concept of a Digital Plaza or a Brand Shop because in it, they are trying to create a more interactive environment and providing a more lifestyle orientation to the display, so that the customer can visualize the products in his/her own home settings. Samsung depart add another 30 showrooms to its existing 100-odd this division.Over the neighboring few months, the existing Samsung Digitall Homes will all be rebrand Samsung Plaza, in keeping with the global practice. Until now, India was the only market where Samsung followed a dual showroom strategy larger (2,500 sq ft and more) outlets were dubbed Samsung Digitall Home, while smaller showrooms were called Samsung Plaza. It is not just about a charge change, though. Samsung India also wants uniformity in appearance and sales experience at each of these showrooms that means an furiousness on product demonstration, not just display.Pricing Strategy Samsung believes in providing good products at reasonable prices to its customers. Samsungs technology plank communications helped the company to gain market share, even though it did not offers any snubs or exchange scheme when it entered India. Samsung focuses on cost-cutting measures to keep its price low which helps to combat the discount schemes of the local companies. Samsung drastically reduced its operational costs which enabled the company to keep low prices for certain products and remove higher profit margin from indemnity products.Samsung India posted revenue of $2. 2 billion last year and this is expected to go up to $3. 5 billion this calendar year. Samsungs global revenue is $116. 8 billion. The focus of its competitors is to penetrate in the rural and semi-urban mass markets. But Samsung insists that its a high end technology driven player. Thats why the urban areas are still a focus area for it and only 30 per cent of revenue comes from rural and semi-urban India. Howsoever in past few years samsung India..Deputy Managing Director, Ravinder Zutshi says Still, focusing on the premium customer will get you only so far India is still a market powered by volume-growth the current strategy is to gain greater reach among the masses not finished pricing, but through product innovation. he vehemently rejects the price warrior tag, though. Samsung is not a price warrior but today we are as competitively pr iced as our rivals. The focus is on expansion and deeper market penetration, he adds We are aiming at market leadership not only in the premium family line of products but also mass categories like flat televisionsIt is difficult to achieve the ambitious targets keeping in mind the pricing strategy of Samsung. But, they believe that it takes time to ensure your supremacy in market share. in one case you get your brand perception right in the minds of the consumers as a brand that delivers the best technology and gives you value for money, then ultimately market share goes up. Now Samsung has changed its policy a bit and alternatively of just remaining a high-end technology driven brand it tried to change its image to sell products to the huge number of middle income families in India.It started pricing its products on the value for money concept, keeping in mind the price sensitivity of Indian consumers. But still Samsung has the repute of being a premium brand, aggressive in launc hing newer models with the latest technology and at economic costs throughout the world. advancement Strategy Turn on Tomorrow We are investing aggressively in marketing to transform our company to be truly market driven and to establish our Samsung brand as the most swear and preferred brand in the market. Vice-chairman & CEO, Samsung ElectronicsPromotion stands for various activities the company undertakes to communicate and promote its products to the target market. The qualification of a Global Brand When Samsung decided to become globalized, it acquired a new corporate identity by changing its logo and that of the group. In the new logo, the words Samsung Electronics were written in white color on a blue color background to represent stability, reliability and warmth. The words Samsung Electronics were written in slope in process of globalization drive. The logo was shaped elliptical representing a moving world symbolising advancement and changeTo capture the retail mar ket for consumer electronic goods, such as TVs, washing machines and microwave ovens, it formed partnerships with retailing giants like Best Buy. Advertising and Promotional Strategies To promote the ideas, goods or services advertize is important and in this course it launched promotion depicting product transformation into more advanced models, in course of time. This depicts the importance that they give to the research and development and making people understand that they are not just trend followers but are trend setters.Samsung launched corporate advertisements highlighting its technologically superlative goods as they entered into the Indian market, and positioned itself in the mindset of consumer as the products are known for its quality like Samsung branded its products as superior technology and environment friendly ones with refrigerators and ACs incorporate with revolutionary new technology called gold Nano Health System that ensures freshness and bacteria free envir onment.Also, it launched the Bio range of products. Launched a special marketing compress for Flat Tvs including a focused advertising campaign Duniya Hai Gol, TV Flat and attractive exchange offers. Adding to these, Samsung launches an across-the-board ad campaign in all sorts of media (like print, electronic) whenever a new product is being launched. These create public awareness and add to these media hoarding at major junctions and displays at point of purchases are done.Also, it offers special incentives like price off, patronage rewards, etc during festival season in order to create an incentive to buy the product, and a special ambience is created during the festive offers at the point of purchases to give the feel of Indian nativity of the company. Samsung build trust and confidence by their active promotion and advertising. Associations with various others across the world made the globally known and built its image on its association. The partnership between Samsung mo bile and SSAFW (Sanlam South African personal manner Week) shows the fusion of art, fashion and technology.It radiates technological elegance and stylish panache, by joining forces off SSAFW and enhances techno-fashion centered brand. Samsung India associated itself with the command passion of Indian consciousness Cricket. It launched a Team Samsung campaign, which caught the imagination of the entire campaign. Also, in 2004 it bought biggest spectacle debate of this decade to India vs Pakistan cricket series The Samsung Cup. Not confining itself to cricket, Samsung sponsors the Indian contingent to the Olympics and the Asian Games.It also ran cultivation programmes for deserving Indian athletes under the Olympic Ratna banner. Samsung also helped India to bring the Olympic torch relay to India. Samsung also brings the World Cyber Games, which is regarded as the Olympics of the Cyber World to India every year. In mobile phones, Samsung tied up with a famed painter Satish Gujral for his paintings to be available as downloads on Samsung mobile phones. Product placements were done in movies and popular television serials where Samsung products were set in lifestyle environments. For microwaves, Samsung ran a Kitchen-on-Wheels programme where mobile kitchens with microwave ovens went to various localities demonstrating the advantage of microwave cooking. Sports Partnership (Globally) Samsung sponsored Olympic Winter Games in 1998 and will officially sponsor bOlympic Games and Olympic movements for the next 8 years and this would only enhance their global image. Samsung was official sponsor of telecommunications equipment category from 1998 to 2010. Sponsors of English premiership baseball club Chelsea FC, the premiership known globally and attract a good number of audiences all across the globe.Samsung also sign(a) a partnership deal with Mexican football Team Club Deportivo Guadalajara for six years in 2008 and provides plasma and LCD screens for aggroups new stadium Estadio Chivas, indirectly promoting the brand. In 2009, signed a 3 year deal with Brazillian Football Team Palmeiras, having their logo on shirts and products to the club. Samsung Super League with worldwide Federation for Equestrain Sports and FEI Nations Cup, the worlds oldest and best renowned equestrian series. Also sponsors rugby league team Sydney Roosters in Australian National Rugby League.It is the sponsor of Essendon Football club in A League. Sponsor of NASCAR Nextel Cup, French Peoples Baseball Team, running festival in Taiwan, and professional StarCraft team (Samsung Khan). appointed HDTV sponsor of the National Football League (NFL). Official IAAF (International Association of Athletics Federations) partner of 2009 (Berlin, Germany) and 2011 (Daegu, South Korea), IAAF World Championships in Athletics and 2010 IAAF world Indoor Championships. Brand Ambassador Samsung in India have various brand ambassadors for various divisions.Aamir Khan for mobiles, P riyanka Chopra has been recently chosen as brand ambassador for home appliances, Olympic Gold Medalist Abhinav Bindra for consumer electronic business. Aamir Khan was apart a various ad campaigns like Next is What, Wave, Galaxy series and so on. He is known in the industry as Mr. Perfect and they are using that indirectly to show that their mobiles are perfect. Also as Samsung is sponsor for Olympics the image of Abhinav Bindra, who is the first Indian individual Gold Medallist at Olympics.Annexure 1 Annexure 2 Samsung Product Line Samsung India product line as on the Samsung India website The product line has been divided into five main categories as shown in the above figure. The mobile phone category has been divided into eight different sub-categories The Tv/Audio/Video category is divided into five sub-categories The Camera/Camcorder category contains The Home appliances category has five main sub-categories The PC/Peripherals category includes